O Level Chemistry 5070 · Organic chemistry · 11.3

Fuels: past paper questions

6 real questionsasked in 4 of the last 10 exam series2021–2024usually: State, Give

Real questions on fuels

The newest 6 of 6 written questions. Open one to see it on the real paper.

5070/21 · October/November 2024 · Q4c(i)[1]
Give one use of the kerosene/paraffin fraction.
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5070/22 · October/November 2024 · Q4c(i)[1]
State one use of the naphtha fraction.
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5070/21 · October/November 2022 · Q2c(ii)[1]
The paraffin (kerosene) fraction from the fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil) contains hydrocarbons. State one use of the paraffin (kerosene) fraction.
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5070/21 · October/November 2022 · Q3c[2]
Alkenes are produced by cracking some fractions obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil). State the meaning of the term cracking.
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5070/21 · May/June 2022 · Q8d(i)[2]
Give two reasons why the cracking of long chain hydrocarbons is important.
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5070/22 · May/June 2021 · Q5d[1]
State one other use for hydrogen.
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What examiners said

Uses of kerosene were well known. Burning and fuel were common non-creditworthy responses.
— Examiner report, October/November 2022, 5070/21 Q2(c)(ii) (Cambridge)

Better performing candidates defined cracking. ‘Separating into fractions’ or ‘compounds’, ‘breaking bonds’ and ‘forming atoms or elements’ were common incorrect responses.
— Examiner report, October/November 2022, 5070/21 Q3(c) (Cambridge)

Candidates found this very challenging. Many understood the process of cracking and described it without giving any reasons why the process is important.
— Examiner report, May/June 2022, 5070/21 Q8(d)(i) (Cambridge)

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In the syllabus

11.3 Fuels

Name the fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and petroleum
Name methane as the main constituent of natural gas
State that hydrocarbons are compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only
State that petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons
Describe the separation of petroleum into useful fractions by fractional distillation
Describe how the properties of fractions obtained from petroleum change from the bottom to the top of the fractionating column, limited to: (a) decreasing chain length (b) higher volatility (c) lower boiling points (d) lower viscosity
Name the uses of the fractions as: (a) refinery gas fraction for gas used in heating and cooking (b) gasoline / petrol fraction for fuel used in cars (c) naphtha fraction as a chemical feedstock (d) kerosene / paraffin fraction for jet fuel (e) diesel oil / gas oil fraction for fuel used in diesel engines (f) fuel oil fraction for fuel used in ships and home heating systems (g) lubricating oil fraction for lubricants, waxes and polishes (h) bitumen fraction for making roads

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