The newest 20 of 42 written questions. Open one to see it on the real paper.
Analyse the relationship between life expectancy and the net migration rate.
See it on the paper →Define ‘birth rate’.
See it on the paper →Discuss whether or not people who emigrate will always enjoy a higher living standard.
See it on the paper →Identify two reasons why Japan has a high average age of population.
See it on the paper →Explain two influences on the shape of a country’s population pyramid.
See it on the paper →Identify two causes of an increase in life expectancy.
See it on the paper →Define population pyramid.
See it on the paper →Explain two reasons why a country may have a high population growth rate.
See it on the paper →Identify two reasons why Romania’s population fell between 1990 and 2022.
See it on the paper →Explain why immigration into Romania may increase in the future.
See it on the paper →Analyse how an ageing population may affect a country’s economic growth rate.
See it on the paper →The table shows the real GDP per head for a country in 2021 and 2022. What is most likely to have changed between 2021 and 2022?
See it on the paper →two benefits of a decrease in a country’s population size.
See it on the paper →two causes of an increase in the size of a country’s labour force.
See it on the paper →Discuss whether or not Guyana would benefit from an increase in the size of its population.
See it on the paper →Discuss whether or not having a large population is beneficial for the economy.
See it on the paper →the relationship between countries’ average years of schooling and birth rates.
See it on the paper →the number of births in Cyprus in 2019.
See it on the paper →the relationship between GDP per head and net migration.
See it on the paper →whether or not a very low birth rate would be a cause for concern for a government.
See it on the paper →Comprehensive responses • Some candidates produced balanced assessments of whether emigrants will always enjoy higher living standards. • Many candidates explored a range of potential drawbacks, including weaker family support networks. Limited responses • Some candidates explored a limited range of benefits, such as improved employment opportunities and higher wages, while omitting the drawbacks...
— Examiner report, February/March 2026, 0455/22 Q5(d) (Cambridge)
Most candidates correctly identified gender and age. Also accepted as meaning gender were sex, female and male, women and men, and boys and girls. However, a few answers could not identify any factors displayed in a population pyramid. Common misconceptions were that it measures birth rate and death rate, while some candidates stated that it measures income and wealth.
— Examiner report, May/June 2025, 0455/21 Q2(a) (Cambridge)
Most candidates performed well on this question. However, some candidates did not explain the points identified. For example, they just stated high birth rate and low death rate but then failed to identify the factors that caused them. Some candidates stated that families in less developed countries may be larger but did not develop the point.
— Examiner report, May/June 2025, 0455/21 Q4(b) (Cambridge)
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