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IGCSE Economics 0455 · The basic economic problem · 3

0455.1.2.1 — definitions of the factors of production and Definitions and examples of land, labour, capital their rewards and enterprise. Examples of the: past paper questions

48 real questionsasked in 9 of the last 10 exam series2019–2027usually: Identify, Explain, Define, Which, Calculate

Real questions on 0455.1.2.1 — definitions of the factors of production and definitions and examples of land, labour, capital their rewards and enterprise. examples of the

The newest 20 of 48 written questions. Open one to see it on the real paper.

  1. 0455/02 · Specimen 2027 · Q1a[2]

    Calculate the value of Algeria’s primary sector output in 2023. Show your working.

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  2. 0455/02 · Specimen 2027 · Q1b[2]

    Identify two capital goods employed in Algeria’s primary sector.

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  3. 0455/21 · May/June 2026 · Q5a[2]

    Identify two causes of an increase in the quality of enterprise.

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  4. 0455/21 · May/June 2026 · Q5b[4]

    Explain two reasons why a person may be prepared to work outside in high temperatures.

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  5. 0455/22 · February/March 2026 · Q1c[2]

    Explain one cause of a decrease in the quality of land used in agriculture in Senegal.

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  6. 0455/21 · October/November 2025 · Q2a[2]

    Identify two examples of primary sector industries.

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  7. 0455/23 · October/November 2025 · Q1b[2]

    Identify two capital goods used in Malawi.

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  8. 0455/21 · May/June 2025 · Q3a[2]

    Identify the rewards to capital and land.

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  9. 0455/22 · February/March 2025 · Q1h[6]

    Discuss whether or not a higher proportion of women is likely to enter Romania’s labour force in the future. Section B Answer any three questions. Each question is introduced by stimulus material. In your answer you may refer to this material and/or to other examples that you have studied.

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  10. 0455/22 · February/March 2025 · Q3a[2]

    Define factor of production.

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  11. 0455/22 · February/March 2025 · Q3b[4]

    Explain two reasons why building workers may not become teachers.

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  12. 0455/11 · October/November 2024 · Q2[1]

    In which case is it possible to set the level of reward before production takes place for the first factor of production but not for the second factor?

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  13. 0455/21 · May/June 2024 · Q1b[2]

    Identify two rewards to factors of production in Nicaragua.

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  14. 0455/12 · October/November 2023 · Q3[1]

    What is capital?

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  15. 0455/21 · October/November 2023 · Q4a[2]

    other than natural rubber, two primary-sector products.

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  16. 0455/22 · October/November 2023 · Q2a[2]

    with an example, a capital good.

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  17. 0455/23 · October/November 2023 · Q1b[2]

    Identify two examples of capital goods in Montenegro.

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  18. 0455/22 · May/June 2023 · Q1b[2]

    Identify two causes of the decrease in the output of sugar in 2020.

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  19. 0455/22 · May/June 2023 · Q1d[4]

    Explain two reasons why labour mobility may increase in Guyana in the future.

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  20. 0455/23 · May/June 2023 · Q5c[6]

    Analyse the reasons why workers employed in education may earn more than workers employed in other industries.

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What examiners said

Comprehensive responses • Some candidates identified a clear cause such as drought or extreme heat, and explained how this reduces fertility, damages crops, or lowers yields. Limited responses • While many candidates identified a reason, they were unable to successfully explain its effect on land quality. • A few responses gave multiple undeveloped causes or unrelated environmental issues.

— Examiner report, February/March 2026, 0455/22 Q1(c) (Cambridge)

Most candidates provided the correct factor rewards, interest and rent, for capital and land. Some candidates incorrectly provided rewards for labour and land and a few, enterprise. Weaker responses mistakenly identified the reward for capital as the provision of goods and services or machinery, and the reward for land as buildings or farmland.

— Examiner report, May/June 2025, 0455/21 Q3(a) (Cambridge)

It was pleasing that candidates approached this question in an objective way based on economics. The quality of the answers varied. Some candidates just quoted the reference in the source material to ‘There is a range of influences as to whether women enter the labour force. These include social attitudes, female education and whether childcare facilities and part-time work are available’ without...

— Examiner report, February/March 2025, 0455/22 Q1(h) (Cambridge)

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0455.1.2.1 — definitions of the factors of production and Definitions and examples of land, labour, capital their rewards and enterprise. Examples of the — IGCSE Economics 0455 past paper questions | AssessPro