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Name the principal source of energy input to biological systems. blackbird — x caterpillar ladybird aphid —“— thrush oak tree Figure 4.1 (i) Use Figure 4.1 to draw a food chain including the blackbird as a tertiary consumer. (c) Explain why food chains usually have fewer than five trophic levels.
See it on the paper →State the principal source of energy input to the food web in Fig. 4.1.
See it on the paper →In which group of resources is energy input from the Sun the only source of energy?
See it on the paper →Suggest two renewable sources of energy that the farmer uses to generate electricity for the farm.
See it on the paper →State the principal source of energy for all food chains.
See it on the paper →Comprehensive responses • Most candidates identified the Sun as the principal source of energy. Limited responses • Many candidates identified producers instead of the Sun as the principal source of energy.
— Examiner report, February/March 2026, 0654/42 Q4(a)(ii) (Cambridge)
Candidates were generally familiar with the role of the Sun in a food web. Giving the name of one or both plants was a common incorrect answer.
— Examiner report, May/June 2025, 0654/31 Q4(a) (Cambridge)
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